Rotary jar



` Sept. 29, 1936. c. R. EDWARDS ROTARY JAR Filed Sept. lO, 1955 BEBE@ Patented Sept. 29, 1936 UNITED STATES l PATENT oFFic-E 13 Claims.

This invention relates to rotary jar and more particularly to a rotary drill hydro-mechanical Jar.

One object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the character described whereby well drilling and oil producing equipments, such as pipe, drill stems, casing, tubing, screens, packers and the like, when stuck in a well bore, may be dislodged and removed from the bore expeditiously and inexpensively, without injury, or with a minimum of injury to the removed equipment.

A jar that is caused to release to jar by rotation is not suitable for operation with ordinary fishing taps unless designed with a rotation interlock, and fishing taps are unsatisfactory for use with jars because they often cannot be released from stuck objects and in other cases they tend to split the casing and the like, or fail tograb and very often cause serious losses and failures. Therefore, to be successful in such jarring it is necessary to use releasable grapples.

Certain types of releasable grapples are not suitable for 'use with jars, particularly any type that is 'not adapted to take torsional strain or that has any threaded release that may be overstretched when such a release cornes under the severe jarring blows such as are encountered particularly when a number of very heavy Kelly joints are used immediately above the jars. Also all threaded connections in the shing'string must be maintained very tight, for any working or movement in a threaded joint will almost always cause the joint to break and further complicate the work. For these and other reasons it is very essential to success that special grapples that are designed to transmit torque be combined with jars for as explained many grapples cannot be used at all or if used the jars will not successfully work.

The grapples shown in the parent application are very well suited to operate with jars of this present type.

An object of this invention is to provide a jar that does not require the use of the drill rotary to latch or unlatch jar members. In jarring on stuck objects it, in many cases, requires constant jarring for several hours to loosen the stuck object and if the rotary is used to unlatch or latch the jars then the drillers work becomes almost unbearable with the result that the jarring operations are greatly slowed up and consequently the loose material that is jarred out kand falling out of the walls of the well during the jarring operations often settle down as fast or faster than the stuck object can be jarred and pulled up past this falling material that is settling or falling down through the drilling iluid.

With this invention since the driller does not need to stop and change the clutches several times for each stroke of the jars, great saving in 5 time is made and the falling material is far less in quantity and the stuck object can be much more quickly removed before there is an extra accumulation of the fallen material to hinder operations. 10

The principal subject matter of this application constitutes matter taken out from my copending application on Well cleaning apparatus i'lled in the United States Patent Office on October 25, 1927, under Serial No. 228,681, and is therefore 15 a continuation in part of said indicated parent application. I

With the above and other objects in.view this invention has particular relation to certain novel features of construction, operation and arrange- 20 ment of parts as will become more apparent from an examination of the examples here given in this specication and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein:-

Figures 1 and 2 show vertical sectional views 25 ,of a type of jar employed.

Figure 3 shows a cross sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Referring now more particularly to the drawing wherein like numerals of reference designate 30 similar parts in each of the figures and referring particularly to Figures 1, 2 and 3 wherein there is illustrated one form of a mechanical jar, especially adapted for and of use with pipe pulling tools, cuttersv and the like, often when a 35 section of pipe will not move under a straight pull.

In the jar shown in Figures 1 to 3 inclusive the body |4812 has an annular inwardly extending ange |63, at its upper end and the operating drill 'i stem is adapted to be connected to the flanged 40 nipple |56b, said flange nipple having a swiveling connection with said body. There is a cylinder |64 which is iltted within said body and which is held against rotation therein by means of the key |65 which is threaded through the body 45 wall and whose inner end projects into a vertical keyway |66 in the periphery of the cylinder.

A use for the key |65 is to prevent relativerotation between the cylinder |64 and thebody (Milli-|68) which carries a grappling tool that 50 is screwed into the threads in the lower end of Figure 2. i

The grappling tool may at times be an ordinary taper tap to be screwed into or over the stuck pipe. In the event the grapple is a taper 55 tap it is necessary to screw it onto the stuck pipe tight and therefore, a rotatable driving connection as at |65-|66 is necessary to transmit rotation when using pipe |11, the upper section of which may be drill stem, as the operating member.

This cylinder |64 is mounted on a yieldable seat such as a stiff strong lcoil spring |61, which in turn rests on the coupling |68 which is threaded onto the lower end of the body and to which the grappling or fishing tool is adapted to be connected.

Within the cylinder there is a piston |69 which is supported on a yieldable seat such as a coil spring |10, which in turn rests on an inside annular shoulder |1| in said cylinder. The piston has an axial channel |12 therethrough and secured on the upper end thereof, there is the usual cup ring |13 and beneath the ring, the plunger has an annular groove |14.

The cylinder |64 is normally locked against lengthwise movement in the body |4811 by radial dogs |15 whose inner ends rest against the piston |69 and Whose outer ends are seated in recesses |15a in the inside of the body |4811. Screwed into the upper end of the cylinder |64 there is a section of pipe |11 which forms a weight and also constitutes in effect, an extension of the cylinder |64.

Obviously the upper sections of the pipe |11 may be taken as extending to above the top of the well and may be at times used as the operating stem or member in which event no pipe need be added to the top of |56b; this manner of using the present jarring device of Figures 1 to 3 does not contemplate or make any change whatsoever in the structure of the device in Figures 1 to 3.

However, the now preferred form is the form shown here in Fig. 1. The reasons for preferring the form shown here in Fig. 1, are that it has an independently movably jarring element,

such as the member 64 and thus requires a far lighter jarring blow to move the stuck pipe when the stuck pipe is under a constant strain upward at all times while jarring. Also with this type of jar when using lighter jarring blows there is much less damage done to the tools and other equipment. With this type of jar it is unnecessary to use heavy jarring that causes a well to cave.

With this type of jar that uses light blows and avoids using heavy jarring in a mud filled well having porous walls which, heavy jarring, often causes a large part of the Water in the mud to be driven out of the mud and into the porous walls of the well bore thus this light jarring causing the mud that is below the jar and below the circulating mud to become so nearly dry, hard and compact as to tend to stick the stuck pipe more andlmore.

When Water under pressure is forced down through the drill stern the piston is forced downwardly until the groove |14 comes opposite the keys |15 and said keys are released to move forwardly into the groove |14 thus releasing said cylinder |64 from the body |48b and the cylinder moves upwardly due to the force of the compressed pressure spring |61 striking said flanged coupling |5611 a sudden blow, and said spring |61 is again compressed by lowering the weight of the drill stem and flanged coupling |56b and is again locked down when locking pins |15 are brought opposite the depressions 15a by the action of the spring. |10 on piston |69. An-

aosaesa other pull and another pump pressure causes another jar.

An alternate method of locking the cylinder |64 in its down position is to apply sufficient fluid pressure on the top of the piston |69 so as to carry the groove 1 61| to below the inner ends of the radial dogs |15. In this last event the cylinder remains locked down until the fluid pressure above the piston |69 is released and the compressed spring |16 then raises the piston |69 until the groove |14 comes to a point opposite to the radial dogs |15 and permits them to enter groove |14 and thus unlock the cylinder and its attached parts to jar up on the stuck pipe. lt is `obvious that when the inner end of the dogs are bottomed in the groove |14 a vertical movement of the piston |69, either up or down, will force the dogs |15 out into recesses |15a whenever cylinder |6|| is in its down position so as to lock the cylinder 64 in its down position preparatory to jarring.

The lower end of the anged coupling |5612 is formed with depending ratchet teeth |16, adapted to be engaged with the inwardly extending studs |18a carried by said body so that they may be interlccked and the entire apparatus rotated as a whole when the flanged coupling is lowered.

The upper end of the element 64 is formed with keyways |19, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 suitably placed to receive thev screw studs |1811 when the element 64 is in its upper positions.

The upper end of the element |64 is annular in 'form (see Fig. 3) except for the keyways |19 and in its luppermost position abuts upwardly against the lower end of the flanged coupling in such a manner as to deliver an upwardly jarring blow when the interlocks |15 are released. v

The pipe |11, shown in broken sections, is screwed into the upper end of the cylinder element |64 and extends upwardly to any suitable distance. This pipe |11 may form a' part of the cylinder 64.

There are enough dependent ratchet teeth |18 formed in the lower end of the rotatable section |5617 to receive the screw studs |18 when the section |561) is in its lowered positions. These are of use in rotating the body |48b through |5612 when |566 is in its lower positions.

The upper end of the piston |69 is formed with an upstanding threaded reduced in diameter stud suitably formed to receive the packing member |13 and a washer and a nut to retain the washer and packing in place.

The screw studs |65, only one is shown, extend through the wall of the outer body |4812 into slots or keyways |66, only one is shown, formed in the cylinder element |64 and are of use to prevent the body |48b from turning with reference to the cylinder element |64 and at the `same time permit limited vertical movement of the cylinder |64 in reference to the body |481).

What I claim is:-

1. A jarring tool for use in connection with 'a hollow operating member including two sections connected for limited relative longitudinal movement, jarring shoulders in connection with the sections, means for releasably holding the sections against relative movement, and means for releasing the holding means including a member means operable by uid pressure applied through the operating member.

2. In a rotary hydraulic jar, a barrel, a mandrel arranged for sliding movement within said barrel, a plurality of slips arranged between said barrel and mandrel, means for holding said slips in position to effect locking engagement between the barrel and mandrel and means for producing and maintaining hydraulic pressure on said rotating means.

3. In a rotary jar, a barrel, a mandrel arranged for sliding movement within said barrel, a plurality of slips arranged between said barrel and mandrel and pressure actuated means for holding said slips in position to effect locking engagement between the barrel and mandrel.

4. A well tool of the character described including, a barrel, a body movable longitudinally in the barrel, means adapted to be set to releasably hold the barrel and body against relative movement, and fluid pressure actuated means for setting the first mentioned means.

5. A device of the character described including, a barrel, a body movable longitudinally oi the barrel, a key operable to a position Where it prevents longitudinal movement between the barrel and body, and fluid pressure means for operating the key to said position.

6. A device of the character described including, a barrel, a body movable longitudinally of the barrel, a key operable to a position where it prevents longitudinal movement between the barrel and the body, and fluid pressure actuated means for operating the key to said position, said means including a piston.

7. A jar including two members slackly linked together and having spaced, opposing impact abutments, means rendered operative by fluid pressure to interlock said members against relative longitudinal movement in one direction.

8. A jarring tool of the character described including two sections connected for relative 1ongitudinal movement, jarring shoulders limiting movement between the sections, means for releasably holding the sections against movement including a latch carried by one section having a part to extend into a recess in the other section and a projection on the latch, a member at the latch to hold the latch with said part in the recess and having a recess to receive the projection to allow the latch tomove so that said part leaves the first mentioned recess, and a spring normally holding the member in position where the latch is held with said part in the first mentioned recess.

9. In a drilling jar, a barrel, opposed hammer faces within said barrel and a hydraulically releasable clutch for holding the hammer faces apart.

10. In a rotary drilling jar, a barrel, means for supporting a barrel from the well string, a bit or toolbelow the barrel, a wash pipe and plunger within the barrel, an expansible clutch carried by the barrel and plunger, and hammer faces also on or between said barrel and plunger. 11. A jar including, two members slackly linked together and having spaced opposing impact faces, means for interlocking said members against relative lengthwise movement with their faces spaced apart, and means to releasably hold the rst mentioned means in inter-locking relation controllable by pressure.

12. A well jar of the character described including, a barrel, a body movable longitudinally in the barrel, means adapted to be set to releasably hold the barrel and body against relative movement, and mea-ns for setting the first mentioned means releasable by fluid pressure. 13. A jarring tool for use on a string of drill pipe including, two sections connected for limited relative longitudinal movement, the sections having fluid passages, mechanical means for releasably holding the sections against relative lon gitudinal movement releasable by a tensile strain on the sections, and fluid pressure means for controlling the operation of the said mechanical means.

CHARLES R. EDWARDS. 

